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    • Mrs. Pam Hogue (Principal)
    • Weiner Elementary Calendar
    • What Makes Us Different!
    • School of Innovation SLIDES
    • S documents
  • Places
    • YEAR 1 & 3 >
      • 1st Nine Weeks >
        • Rio
        • Giant Sequoias
        • Great Wall of China
        • Mount Everest
        • Taj Mahal
        • Grand Canyon
        • Pyramids of Egypt
        • Stonehenge
        • Kyoto
        • Tokyo
      • 2nd 9 Weeks >
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        • the Vatican
        • Crystal Bridges
        • Arlington National Cemetery
        • Cave of Crystals/Others
        • Westminster Abbey
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        • Seattle, Washington
        • Christmas Places
      • 3rd 9 WEEKS >
        • Westminster Palace/Parliament
        • Easter Island
        • ISS
        • Paris
        • Amazon Rainforest
        • Serengeti
        • Festivals!
        • Walt Disney World
        • Pompeii
      • 4th Nine Weeks >
        • Tibet in Exile - INDIA
        • Istanbul
        • Sri Lanka
        • Jerusalem
        • Washington D.C.
        • Florence
        • WEINER!!!
    • YEARS 2 & 4 >
      • 1st Nine Weeks >
        • Memphis
        • Petra
        • Cinque Terre
        • Yosemite
        • Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany
        • Galapagos Islands
        • Keukenhof
        • Thorncrown Chapel
      • 2nd Nine Weeks >
        • Chicago
        • Machu Picchu
        • Scandinavia
        • The Dead Sea
        • Rome
        • Beijing
        • Christmas Week
      • 3rd Nine Weeks >
        • GREECE
        • Mecca
        • Ireland
        • Moscow, Russia
        • Chichen Itza
        • Palace of Versailles
        • Dubai
        • Cairo, Egypt
        • Freedom Tower / 911 Memorial
      • 4th Nine Weeks >
        • Barcelona, Spain
        • New York City
        • Angkor Wat, Cambodia
        • Terracotta Soldiers
        • Mount Rushmore
        • Parkin Archeological State Park
        • Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
    • Additional PLACES
  • Artists
    • YEAR 1 & 3 >
      • Artist of the Week - 1st 9-weeks >
        • Monet
        • Artisans of the Ozark Folk Center
        • Renoir
        • Wood
        • Rembrandt
        • O'Keeffe
        • Hokusai
        • da Vinci
        • Durer
        • Bierstadt
        • Adams and National Parks
      • Artist of the Week - 2nd 9-weeks >
        • Raphael
        • Munch
        • Rivera
        • Titian
        • Rockwell
        • El Greco
        • Constable
        • David
        • Christmas art
      • Artist of the Week 3rd 9-weeks >
        • Degas
        • Vermeer
        • Cassatt
        • Turner
        • Homer
        • Whistler
        • Seurat
        • Van Gogh
        • Disney
      • Artist of the Week 4th 9-weeks >
        • Sargent
        • Chagall
        • Kandinsky
        • Picasso
        • Dali
        • Remington
        • Mondrian
        • Pollock
    • YEAR 2 & 4 >
      • 1st Nine Weeks >
        • Chihuly
        • Moses
        • Durer and Line
        • Matisse and Shape
        • Van Eyck and Texture
        • Velazquez - Space
        • Christy - Constitution Day
        • Monet and Color
        • Rembrandt and Value
        • Art Review- 1st 9-weeks
      • 2nd Nine Weeks Art >
        • da Vinci and Drawing
        • Cassatt and Painting
        • Hokusai and printmaking
        • Picasso and Collage
        • Rivera and murals
        • Michelangelo and sculpture
        • Relief Sculpture
        • Rodin and modern sculpture
        • Schulz and cartooning
        • Van Allsburg and illustration
      • 3rd Nine Weeks Art >
        • Warhol and Pattern
        • Escher and positive negative space
        • Van Gogh and rhythm
        • O'Keeffe and scale/proportion
        • Caravaggio and Emphasis
        • Kandinsky and Variety
        • Cezanne and Balance
        • Art in ancient culture
      • 4th Nine Weeks Art >
        • Bruegel and genre
        • Illuminated manuscripts
        • Adams and photography
        • Wright and architecture
        • Seurat and art displaying
        • Toulouse-Lautrec and graphic art
        • Tiffany and decorative arts
        • Drake and crafts
        • New Media Art
    • Halloween Art
    • Veterans Day & Art
    • Thanksgiving art
    • Valentine's Day art
    • Presidents Day Art
  • Musicians
    • YEAR 1 & 3 >
      • 1st Nine Weeks >
        • Beethoven
        • Tribute to Aretha Franklin
        • Jimmy Driftwood
        • John Phillip Sousa
        • Claude Debussy
        • W. A. Mozart
        • John Williams
        • Idina Menzel
        • Amy Beach
        • Marching Bands
        • Carl Orff
        • William Grant Still
        • Scott Joplin
      • 2nd Nine Weeks >
        • Stephen Foster
        • Andrew Lloyd Webber
        • Johnny Cash
        • Aaron Copland
        • Musical Elements: Rhythm with Infinitus
        • Thanksgiving Music
        • Tchaikovsky
        • Handel
        • Johnny Marks
      • 3rd Nine Weeks >
        • Stephen Sondheim
        • Pentatonix
        • Sergei Prokofiev
        • Elton John
        • Louis Armstrong
        • Glen Campbell
        • Cher
        • The Gershwin Brothers
        • Henry Mancini
        • The British Invasion
        • Woody Guthrie
        • Dr. Seuss Music
        • Alan Menken
      • 4th Nine Weeks >
        • Florence Price
        • Yo-Yo Ma
        • George M. Cohan
        • Rimsky-Korsakov
        • Rodgers & Hammerstein
        • Antonio Vivaldi
        • Albert Ketelbey
        • Bette Midler
        • Gustav Mahler
        • Robert Rodriguez
        • Stevie Wonder
        • Carrie Underwood
        • Keith Urban
    • YEARS 2 & 4 >
      • 1st Nine Weeks >
        • Elvis Presley
        • Glen Campbell
        • Dolly Parton
        • Beach Boys
        • Richard Wagner
        • John Lennon
        • Camille Saint-Saens
        • Rossini
        • Mark Alan Springer
        • Review Week
        • Bobby McFerrin
        • Randall Standridge
      • 2nd Nine Weeks >
        • Chicago
        • J. S. Bach
        • Banjamin Britten
        • Leonard Bernstein
        • Ella Fitzgerald
        • One Voice Children's Choir
        • Christmas Around the World
        • Jingle Bells
      • 3rd Nine Weeks >
        • Bedrich Smetana
        • Disney Composers
        • Garth Brooks
        • Edgar Varese
        • Joni Mitchell
        • Frederic Chopin
        • Valentine's Day
        • Koji Kondo
        • Philip Glass
        • Lin-Manuel Miranda
        • Review Week
      • 4th Nine Weeks >
        • Marian Anderson
        • Johann Strauss, Jr. >
          • Johann Strauss, Jr.
        • John Denver
        • Moses Hogan
        • Barry Manilow
        • F. J. Haydn
        • Wynton Marsalis
        • Gloria Estefan
        • George Strait
        • Jake Shimabukuro
        • Yanni
  • CHARACTER WORDS
  • School of Innovation!
    • Laying a Foundation
    • Art Music Plan
    • It's OFFICIAL!
    • Rationale
    • Mission & Vision
    • ADE Approved Plan
    • Graphic Plan
    • Implementation Plan
  • Library
  • G./T.
  • National Blue Ribbon School Info
  • Parents' Page
    • Resources for Parents

Marian Anderson

Patriotic Song of the Week

"My Country Tis of Thee"


Marian Anderson

American 1897-1993

Monday

Listening Example:  "Ava Maria"

Deemed one of the finest contraltos of her time, Marian Anderson became the first African American to perform with the New York Metropolitan Opera in 1955.

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Marian Anderson was born on February 27, 1897, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was the daughter of John Berkley Anderson and the former Annie Delilah Rucker. Her father sold ice and coal at the Reading Terminal in downtown Philadelphia. Prior to her marriage, Anderson's mother had briefly attended the Virginia Seminary and College in Lynchburg and had worked as a schoolteacher in Virginia. As she did not obtain a degree, Annie Anderson was unable to teach in Philadelphia under a law that was applied only to black teachers and not white ones. She therefore earned an income caring for small children.

Marian was the eldest of the three Anderson children. Her two sisters, Alice and Ethel, also became singers.  

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Today’s Listening Example is Marian singing “Ava Maria.”  Ava Maria is Latin for “Hail Mary.” The song “Ava Maria” is a prayer based on the salutation of the angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary and the words of Elizabeth to Mary.  Notice how deep, and rich Anderson’s voice is. She is considered a contralto, which means she sings very low.


Tuesday

Listening Example:  "He's Got The Whole World In His Hands"

Marian Anderson grew up in a time of civil unrest in our country.  Because of the color of her skin, she was denied admittance to many locations, and even denied the opportunity to sing in public places!

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By the age of 6, Marian was singing in the choir at Union Baptist Church in Philadelphia.  As a member of the choir, she got to perform solos and duets, often with her aunt Mary. Marian was also taken by her aunt to concerts at local churches, the YMCA, benefit concerts, and other community music events throughout the city. Anderson credited her aunt's influence as the reason she pursued her singing career. Beginning as young as six, her aunt arranged for Marian to sing for local functions where she was often paid 25 or 50 cents for singing a few songs.

As she got into her early teens, Marian began to make as much as four or five dollars for singing; a considerable amount of money for the early 20th century. At the age of 10, Marian joined the People's Chorus where she was often given solos.

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Today’s Listening Example is Marian Anderson singing “He’s Got The Whole World In His Hands." This song is a traditional American spiritual, first published in 1927.  Listen for how low every note she sings is. This is what sets her apart from other female singers.

Wednesday

Listening Example:  "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen"

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One of our Character words for the last 9 weeks was Determination.  Marian Anderson had great determination. She was determined to make something of herself even from her humble beginnings.  She overcame many challenges, the biggest of all being a black woman during a time of great discrimination in our nation.  When Anderson was 12, her father was accidentally struck on the head while at work at the Reading Terminal, just a few weeks before Christmas of 1909. He died of heart failure a month later at age 34. Marian and her family moved into the home of her father's parents, Grandpa Benjamin and Grandma Isabella Anderson.Her grandfather had been born a slave and had experienced emancipation in the 1860s. He was the first of the Anderson family to settle in South Philadelphia, and when Anderson moved into his home the two became very close.
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Anderson attended Stanton Grammar School, graduating in the summer of 1912. Her family, however, could not afford to send her to high school, nor could they pay for any music lessons. Still, Anderson continued to perform wherever she could and learn from anyone who was willing to teach her. Throughout her teenage years, she remained active in her church's musical activities, now heavily involved in the adult choir. She joined the Baptists' Young People's Union and the Camp Fire Girls which provided her with some limited musical opportunities.

Today’s Listening Example is a recording of Marian Anderson singing the spiritual “Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen”.  It was recorded in 1924, when she was only 27 years old. In this recording you will hear Marian’s higher range. This means the notes she sings were higher than normal.  However, she is still able to sing beautifully in the lower notes. Those lower notes are usually associated with a man’s voice, but Marian is able to sing them with the kind of grace and style that became her true signature.


Thursday

Listening Example:  "Deep River"

Yesterday we learned that Marian Anderson didn’t have enough money to pay for singing lessons or to attend the high school in her area (back in those days, public education was not free and people had to pay to rent their books).   Eventually the directors of the People's Chorus and the pastor of her church, raised the money she needed to get singing lessons and to attend South Philadelphia High School, from which she graduated in 1921.


After high school, Anderson applied to an all-white music school, the Philadelphia Music Academy (now University of the Arts), but was turned away because she was black. The woman working the admissions counter replied, "We don't take colored" when she tried to apply. Undaunted, Anderson pursued studies privately in her native city through the continued support of the Philadelphia black community.  


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In 1925 Anderson got her first big break when she won first prize in a singing competition sponsored by the New York Philharmonic. As the winner she got to perform in concert with the orchestra on August 26, 1925, a performance that scored immediate success with both the  audience and music critics.

While in high school, Marian had to audition for a talent show.  “Deep River” was the song she sang, and it is today’s Listening Example. It is said that the audition was for her principal, and hearing her sing this song brought him to tears.  Will it do the same for you?

Friday

Listening Example:  "My Country Tis of Thee"

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Marian Anderson’s goal in life was to make music, and with her music, she made a difference.
By the late 1930s, Anderson's voice had made her famous on both sides of the Atlantic. In the United States she was invited by President Roosevelt and his wife Eleanor to perform at the White House, the first African American ever to receive this honor.

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In 1939, the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) refused permission for Anderson to sing to an integrated audience in their Constitution Hall. At the time, Washington, D.C., was a segregated city and black patrons were upset that they had to sit at the back of Constitution Hall. Constitution Hall also did not have the segregated public bathrooms required by DC law at the time for such events. The District of Columbia Board of Education also declined a request to use the auditorium of a white public high school.

As a result of the refusal, thousands of DAR members, including First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, resigned from the organization. In her letter to the DAR, she wrote, "I am in complete disagreement with the attitude taken in refusing Constitution Hall to a great artist ... You had an opportunity to lead in an enlightened way and it seems to me that your organization has failed.

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Eleanor Roosevelt spoke with her husband and convinced him to arrange an open-air concert on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.   The concert was performed on Easter Sunday, April 9. They began the performance with a dignified and stirring rendition of "My Country, 'Tis of Thee". The event attracted a crowd of more than 75,000 of all colors and was a sensation with a national radio audience of millions.

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Today’s Listening Example is that historical performance on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.  It was for this performance that Marian Anderson was presented with the 1939 Spingarn Medal for distinguished achievement.  Because of her determination, and perseverance, Marian Anderson made a difference for black women, as well as the arts.


References

https://www.biography.com/people/marian-anderson-9184422
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_Anderson
https://www.npr.org/2014/04/09/298760473/denied-a-stage-she-sang-for-a-nation

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